O‘ZBEKISTONDA INFRATUZILMANI RIVOJLANTIRISH: HINDISTON SARMOYASI UCHUN KATALIZATOR
Kalit so'zlar
https://doi.org/10.47390/SPR1342V5SI6Y2025N04Kalit so'zlar
O‘zbekiston, Hindiston investitsiyalari, infratuzilma rivoji, transport koridorlari, logistika, energetika, xorijiy investitsiyalar, dengizga chiqmaydigan davlatlar, Markaziy OsiyoAnnotasiya
Yevropa, Janubiy Osiyo va Sharqiy Osiyoni bog‘lovchi strategik savdo va investitsiya markazi sifatida o‘zini pozitsiyalash bo‘yicha O‘zbekistonning intilishlari uning jismoniy infratuzilmasini modernizatsiya qilish va kengaytirishga bevosita bog‘liq. Ushbu maqola Hindistonning to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri xorijiy investitsiyalarini (FDI) O‘zbekistonga jalb etishda infratuzilma rivojlanishining rolini tahlil qiladi. Regressiya tahlili va tarmoqqa oid misollarni birlashtiruvchi aralash metodologiyaga asoslanib, biz transport, logistika va energetika infratuzilmasi ko‘rsatkichlari bilan hind investitsiyalari o‘rtasidagi bog‘liqlikni 2010–2024 yillar oralig‘ida tahlil qilamiz.
Natijalarimizga ko‘ra, infratuzilma sifati hind investitsiyalarining asosiy belgilovchisidir, ayniqsa to‘qimachilik, farmatsevtika va energetika kabi tarmoqlarda. Empirik tahlil shuni ko‘rsatadiki, elektr energiyasi ishlab chiqarish quvvatining 1% ga oshishi Hindistondan kirayotgan investitsiyalarni 0.34% ga oshiradi. Temir yo‘l yuk tashish hajmi va yo‘l zichligining oshishi ham ijobiy ta’sir ko‘rsatmoqda. Ammo, ko‘p yo‘nalishli logistika, energiya ta’minotining barqarorligi va normativ aniqlikdagi kamchiliklar O‘zbekistonning hind kompaniyalari uchun jozibadorligini pasaytirishda davom etmoqda.
Ushbu maqola 2025–2035 yillarga mo‘ljallangan uch bosqichli infratuzilma rivojlantirish rejasini taklif qiladi, unda transport koridorlarini bog‘lash, SEZ bilan bog‘langan logistika parklari va qayta tiklanuvchi energiya integratsiyasi ustuvor yo‘nalish sifatida belgilanadi. Tahlil Janub–Janub investitsiyalari bo‘yicha adabiyotga, ayniqsa dengizga chiqish imkoniyati bo‘lmagan rivojlanayotgan mamlakatlar kontekstida hissa qo‘shadi va O‘zbekiston hamda Hindiston manfaatdor tomonlari uchun amaliy siyosiy yo‘l-yo‘riq beradi. Infratuzilmaga strategik investitsiyalar kiritish va islohotlarni investor kutgan darajada moslashtirish orqali O‘zbekiston Markaziy Osiyoda hind kapitali uchun afzal yo‘nalishga aylanishi mumkin.
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