ВЛИЯНИЕ НАУЧНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ И РАЗРАБОТОК НА ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОГО СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47390/SPR1342V5I9Y2025N05Ключевые слова:
научные исследования и разработки (НИОКР), региональное социально-экономическое развитие, инновации, роль университетов, устойчивое развитие, влияние инвестиций, человеческий капитал, цифровая трансформация.Аннотация
Эта статья исследует влияние научных исследований и разработок (НИОКР) на тенденции регионального социально-экономического развития посредством систематического анализа литературы. Анализ эмпирических и теоретических работ из престижных международных журналов за последние годы, проведенный в соответствии с рекомендациями PRISMA, показывает, что инвестиции в НИОКР стимулируют экономический рост, внося вклад в ВВП на уровне 0,15-0,20%; однако этот эффект зависит от географических различий, человеческого капитала и политических факторов. Университеты и исследовательские учреждения усиливают региональную динамику через эффект перелива знаний («effect of knowledge spillover» – процесс, при котором результаты научных исследований, технологии или новые знания, созданные одним учреждением, компанией или университетом, распространяются на другие учреждения, предприятия или региональную экономику, тем самым стимулируя их инновации, производительность и экономический рост), играя ключевую роль в восстановлении после пандемии и устойчивом развитии. Результаты подтверждают положительное влияние НИОКР в контексте глобальных тенденций (цифровая трансформация, экологическая устойчивость), выявляя пробелы в развивающихся странах. В заключение, НИОКР выступают основным двигателем регионального развития, предоставляя основу для формирования политических рамок.
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