LEGAL REGULATION OF IMAGE-BASED SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN: ANALYSIS OF CRIMINAL AND CIVIL LEGISLATION

Abstract

This paper examines the features of legal regulation of image-based sexual violence in the Republic of Uzbekistan. It analyzes both criminal and civil legislation, identifying its limitations and gaps in addressing modern forms of digital violence. Particular attention is given to Article 141³ of the Criminal Code, as well as the potential application of Article 139 in cases involving the distribution of deepfakes and photo manipulation. The study highlights the need to adopt a more flexible and comprehensive approach, similar to international practices (e.g., legislation in the United Kingdom and Germany), which would cover not only the distribution but also the creation, repeated dissemination of images, and the liability of online platforms. In addition, the advantages of civil protection for victims are explored, particularly the possibility of claiming moral damages, compensation for losses, and prompt response to unlawful actions without the need to initiate a criminal case.