SIVILIZATSIYALAR TARAQQIYOTIDA MADANIYATLAR TO‘QNASHUVINING IJTIMOIY-FALSAFIY AHAMIYATI (Samyuel F. Xantingtonning “Sivilizatsiyalar to’qnashuvi” asari asosida)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47390/SPR1342V4I1Y2024N28Kalit so'zlar:
Sivilizatsiya, sivilizatsiyaviy ong, ijtimoiy ong, madaniyat, din, lingua franka, paradigm.Annotatsiya
“Sivilizatsiyalar to‘qnashuvi” paradigmasi Samyuel F. Xantington tomonidan ilgari surilmasidan avval bir qancha siyosatshunos faylasuflar, jamiyatshunoslar tomonidan shunga o‘xshash qarashlar, gipotezalar ilgari surilgan. Shunday olimlar qatoriga britaniyalik jamiyatshunos faylashuf, tarixchi Arnold J. Toynbini misol tariqasida keltirishimiz mumkin. 1993-yilda S. Xantington tomonidan “Foreign Affairs” jurnalida “Sivilizatsiyalar to‘qnashuvi” nomli baxsli maqola chop etilishidan qariyb 40 yil avval A.Toynbi o‘zining 1953-yilda chop etilgan “Dunyo va G‘arb” nomli asarida sivilizatsiyalar tarixi va turli geosiyosiy farazlar atrofida ro‘y bergan ilmiy baxslar qurshovida edi. Ushbu asar o‘z zamonasida S. Xantingtonning “Sivilizatsiyalar to‘qnashuvi” nomli asaridan kam bo‘lmagan baxslarga sabab bo‘lib, o‘z davri uchun tamomila yangi bo‘lgan qarashlar va ilmiy dalillar keltirganligi bilan chin ma’noda shov-shuvlarga sabab bo‘lgan edi. Xantington 1990-yillarda o‘z faoliyatining eng yuqori cho‘qqisiga chiqqanidek, Toynbi ham ushbu asari chop etilganida nafaqaga chiqishiga to‘rt yil qolgan edi. Oltmish to‘rt yoshli Toynbi o‘sha davrda Qirollik Xalqaro aloqalar institutida o‘z ilmiy faoliyatini olib borayotgandi. U o‘zining keng qamrovli tarixiy tadqiqotlari va xalqaro munosabatlarga oid siyosiy taxlillari tufayli zamonasining donishmandi sifatida tan olingan edi. [1.26]
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